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As a crucial energy infrastructure, the power distribution network plays a significant role in ensuring power supply, supporting economic and social development, and improving people's livelihood. Its supporting role is even more prominent under the "dual carbon" goals. It serves as the access carrier for distributed power generation and electric vehicle charging facilities, and is a key support for the comprehensive and efficient utilization of various distributed energy sources and energy conservation and emission reduction by electricity users. In recent years, power outages have frequently occurred due to extreme weather such as typhoons, rain, snow, and ice, exposing the insufficient capacity of the power distribution network for safe and reliable power supply. At the same time, the rapid development of distributed renewable energy, the increasing scale of electric vehicles, and the continuous advancement of power market construction have all put forward higher requirements for the development of the power distribution network. From equipment to structure, from planning to operation, and from operation to market, the power distribution network faces numerous challenges.

First, the foundation for ensuring supply needs further strengthening. Through continuous investment and construction and transformation over the past 20 years, the power supply capacity and reliability of China's power distribution network have been greatly improved. In some developed urban areas, the operation level of the power distribution network has reached the international advanced level. However, it should also be noted that in some towns (especially old residential areas) and rural areas, the structure of the power distribution network is still weak, the power supply reliability is low, the potential operational risks are high, the disaster resistance capacity is insufficient, and the energy efficiency and intelligence level of the equipment urgently need to be improved.

Second, the carrying capacity for new energy and emerging industries is insufficient. In recent years, distributed photovoltaic power generation has experienced explosive growth in many regions of China, leading to serious reverse overload of power distribution network lines and transformers, and prominent voltage limit problems, forcing a slowdown in photovoltaic development in some areas. At the same time, electric vehicles in China have also entered a period of rapid development. On the one hand, the number of electric vehicles is rapidly increasing, and on the other hand, people's demand for fast charging of electric vehicles is becoming more urgent. High-power short-term charging poses significant challenges to the operation of the power distribution network. With the development of distributed photovoltaic power generation and electric vehicles, the installed capacity of energy storage in the power distribution system is also rapidly increasing. However, how to make good use of energy storage and truly use it to solve problems in the power distribution network still requires continuous exploration and practice. With the widespread application of many new technologies such as microgrids, AC/DC hybrid power distribution networks, and distributed intelligent power grids, the future power distribution network will also undergo significant changes. Improving the carrying capacity of the power distribution network and supporting China's energy transformation and development will become the inevitable mission of the future power distribution network.

Third, the various links in the development of the distribution network need to be better coordinated. The typical characteristics of the power distribution network are the diversity and large number of equipment types, and the complexity of factors involved in each link. Under the new situation, it is necessary to further strengthen the full-process management from power distribution network planning to project investment management and engineering construction, and from dispatching operation to operation and maintenance services. In planning, it is necessary to coordinate the planning of new energy, electric vehicles, energy storage, and power distribution network frameworks, strengthen the connection with overall urban and rural planning and national land spatial planning, and coordinate with other infrastructure; in project investment management, it is necessary to increase the investment of power grid enterprises, encourage multiple entities to invest in the power distribution network, and actively innovate various investment methods; in engineering construction, it is necessary to coordinate multiple departments and various municipal construction projects; in the dispatching and operation mechanism, it is necessary to fully utilize user-side resources to participate in the grid's absorption of renewable energy, fully utilize new technologies such as microgrids and virtual power plants, achieve interactive power supply and demand for electricity users, interaction between electric vehicles and the grid, and linkage between power sources, loads, and energy storage in the power distribution network, and make full use of market mechanisms to utilize renewable energy while ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the power distribution network.

We are pleased to see that, in response to the above problems, the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration have issued the "Guiding Opinions on the High-Quality Development of Power Distribution Networks under the New Situation" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"), deploying and promoting the construction, transformation, and high-quality development of power distribution networks at the national level. The working principles and measures proposed in the Opinions highlight the goals and missions of the future new power distribution network, reflect the unique characteristics of the development process of the power distribution network itself, are highly feasible, and will play an important guiding role in the construction and development of new power distribution networks in China.

The power distribution network is a capital-intensive infrastructure, and the transformation of its structural form requires a relatively long process. To truly promote the implementation of the Opinions, the following points need to be done. First, strengthen planning guidance. Planning is the foundation of the development of the power distribution network; without a solid foundation, the whole thing will collapse. Strengthening planning guidance can effectively improve the investment efficiency of power distribution network construction and achieve quality improvement and efficiency enhancement in the process of transforming from the current power distribution network to a new type of power distribution network. Second, adhere to a systematic approach. The power distribution network is the "last mile" of power supply, directly facing electricity users, with a long chain and many links. It is necessary to coordinate various resource elements and better meet the needs of users in the development process of the new power distribution network. Third, promote innovation and breakthroughs. The new power distribution network will undergo significant changes in system structure, operation methods, and market mechanisms. Many new technologies need to be continuously explored. In recent years, the emergence of new entities and industries such as distributed renewable energy, new energy storage, electric vehicle charging facilities, microgrids, and virtual power plants requires changes in the structural form of the power distribution network to better utilize the control capabilities of these entities themselves. At the same time, the operation mode of the power distribution network also needs to be continuously innovated and developed to create conditions for the participation of a large number of new entities in grid operation, supporting the safe and economic operation of the grid while meeting the value pursuit of new entities.